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🎯 Atherosclerosis : Lipid Metabolism • Biochemistry • MBBS • Dr. Rajesh Tanwar
Atherosclerosis ek chronic condition hai jisme arteries (blood vessels) ki walls ke andar cholesterol, lipids, inflammatory cells aur fibrous tissue deposit ho kar atherosclerotic plaque bana dete hain.
Biochemistry perspective se iska main role LDL cholesterol oxidation aur lipid accumulation se start hota hai. Jab LDL oxidized ho jata hai, to macrophages usse engulf karte hain aur foam cells ban jate hain. Ye foam cells gradually artery wall me collect ho kar fatty streaks aur baad me fibrous plaques form karte hain.
Time ke sath ye plaques artery lumen ko narrow kar dete hain, jis se blood flow kam ho jata hai aur heart attack (myocardial infarction) ya stroke ka risk badh jata hai.
Important biochemical risk factors:
- ️High LDL cholesterol
- ️Low HDL cholesterol
- ️Oxidative stress
- ️Diabetes mellitus
- ️Smoking
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